Material for Workshop #2

The material for this workshop is posted here for educational purposes only. Do not re-distribute.

I. Visual Documents

Between 50 and 70 korai are known from the Archaic Akropolis, some of them appear below. Click on these thumbnails for larger views of the material as you prepare for the workshop discussion.

1. Akropolis 619, ca. 560 BCE. From the Akropolis, east of the Erechtheion	2. Akropolis 593, ca. 580-50 BCE. This is the earliest kore dedicated on the Akropolis.The kore holds here a pomegranate in one hand and a wreath in the other. One of the earliest sculptures to show the use of the claw chisel. The back surface is not as well finished as the front. Of Pentelic marble.	3. ca. 550 BCE. Phrasikleia and friend, found near the village of Merenda in Attika. See view of Phrasikleia alone. She is so-named from the inscribed base into which the statue was found to fit: it names Phrasikleia as an Athenian girl who died before she reached the age of marriage.
4. Akropolis 669. ca. 540 BCE	5. Akropolis 269+, ca. 540 BCE. The Lyons Kore, so-named from the fact that the upper part is actually in Lyons; what is on display in the Akropolis Museum is a cast joined to the lower body. See another view of the Lyons Kore. The hat she wears is called a polos, compare with item 17 below.	6. Akropolis 675, ca. 510 BCE. The Chian Kore. See another view of the Chian Kore.
7. Akropolis 679, ca. 530 BCE. The Peplos Kore, as she wears a peplos with overfold rather than the chiton and himation usual for these figures. See a closer view and a close up of the head. See reconstruction view. Same sculptor is believed by some to have carved this & item 23.	8 . Akropolis 681, ca. 520 BCE. The Antenor Kore, so-named because it is signed by Antenor son of Eumares who is presumed to be the sculptor. Nearchos is the dedicator. The statue base is preserved: "Nearchos the potter dedicated first-fruits of his works to Athena. Antenor the son of Eumares made the agalma."	9. Akropolis 671, ca. 520 BCE.
10. Akropolis 670, ca. 520 BCE. By the same sculptor who carved Akropolis 673. See another side view.	11. Akropolis 673, ca. 520-10 BCE. By the same sculptor who carved Akropolis 670.	12. Akropolis 674, ca. 500 BCE. See detail 1 and detail 2. See back view.
13. From the Akropolis.	14. Akropolis 594, ca. 510-00 BCE.	15. Akropolis 685, ca. 500 BCE.
16. Akropolis 643, ca. 520-10 BCE.	17. Akropolis 696+, ca. 510-00 BCE. The Polos Kore.	18. Akropolis 686, ca. 490 BCE. The Euthydikos Kore, so-named from the inscription on the matching base, where Euthydikos, son of Thaliarchos, takes credit for the dedication. See detail 1 and detail 2.
19. Akropolis 609, ca. 490 BCE. Base of the Euthydikos Kore (Akr 686), with Euthydikos, son of Thaliarchos, taking credit for the dedication.	20. Louvre 686, ca. 560 BCE. From the sanctuary of Hera on Samos, and known as the Hera of Cheramyes.	21. Berlin 1739, ca. 560 BCE. The figure known as Ornithe, part of the Geneleos Group from Samos (the inscription names Geneleos as the artist). See back view of Berlin 1739.
22. Inscribed base for two korai dedicated by Lysias and Eurachis; the "Red Shoes" kore (Akropolis 683) stood in the round plinth cutting on the right.	23. Akropolis 590, ca. 550 BCE. The head is in fact a cast of Louvre 3104, which Humphry Payne first demonstrated fit onto this torso of a rider in Athens, the whole making up the "Rampin Horseman." Same sculptor is believed by some to have carved this & item 7.	24. Akropolis 624, ca. 560 BCE. The so-called Moschophoros because the man carries on his shoulder a calf, presumably being brought to a sacrifice. See the detail of the head. See view of the discovery of the statue. Marble statue dedicated by Rhonbos.
25. DAA 229, ca. 480 BCE. Inscribed pillar base for the kore dedicated by Naulochos: "[Nau]lochos dedicated this kore, first fruits of the catch / Which the sea-ruler with the golden trident provided to him."	28. DAA 79. Top view of a stepped statue base that originally supported 2 bronze statues. A fragment inscription appears on the top step: "Aristomache and Archestrate . . . daughters, / Parthenos, and family / Kynarbos, son of Li-".
29. Akropolis 136. Fragmentary kore and inscribed column base dedicated by Epiteles. See the close-up which shows the hole for a spear.	30. Athens National Museum, ca. 640 BCE. From Delos, dedicated to Artemis by Nikandre.	Athens 2720, ca. 600 BCE. Kouros from sanctuary at Sounion. Well over life-size.

II. Inscriptions

Inscriptions from korai

The Persian sack of the Akropolis in 480 BCE and the major building operations that followed resulted in the preservation of lots of material from the archaic Akropolis, including sculpture, inscriptions and inscribed statue bases. During the rebuilding of the Akropolis, this material was cleared away and buried in pits on the summit of the hill. Between 50 and 70 examples of korai were subsequently recovered during excavation of the Akropolis and approximately 300 inscribed stone statue bases. Of these inscribed stone statue bases, 2 were dedicated by non-Athenians and 2 by metics.

The major publication for the inscribed stone statue bases is A. E. Raubitschek, Dedications from the Athenian Akropolis (Chicago: Ares Publishers, 1999 reprint of 1949 publication), abbreviated DAA.

See also L. Jeffery, “The Inscribed Gravestones of Archaic Attica,” Annual of the British School at Athens 57 (1962).

III. Tables

1. Aristocratic Dedications on the Athenian Akropolis, ca. 600-400 BCE

2. Banausic Dedications on the Athenian Akropolis, ca. 600-400 BCE

III. Other Materials

• Akropolis Votive Statues Matched with Inscribed Bases. (This material is from C. Keesling's, The Votive Statues of the Athenian Acropolis, posted here for educational purposes only. Do not re-distribute.
  
• Aristotle, Oeconomica 2.1.1346b7-13 concerning Lygdamis, the tyrant of Naxos:
  
  • "Having exiled his opponents, he found that no one would give him a fair price for their propery, so he sold it back to the exiles. And their anathemata (dedications, probably statues), which were lying around the workshops half-finished, he also sold back to the exiles and to anyone else who would buy them, allowing each purchaser to have his name inscribed on the offering."
    
• Objects held by the korai:
  • marble wreath: Akr. 593 (R)
  • marble pomegranate: Akr 593 (L), 677 (L), 619 (L)
  • other marble fruits: Akr. 680 (R), Langlotz 223 (R)
  • marble dove: Akr. 683 (L), 269 = Lyons kore (R), 685 (L), Langlotz 221 (L)
  • unknown marble object: Akr 656 (R), Langlotz 211 (R) and 228 (L)
  • missing metal object held in pinched fingertips: Akr 268 = Antenor's kore (R), Akr 615 (L), Langlotz 241, 242, 210 (R) and 225 (R)
  • metal cylinder: Akr 679 = Peplos kore (R), Langlotz 222 (L), 224 (L) and 235 (L)
  • unknown metal object: Langlotz 215 (R), 226 (R) and 227 (L)

IV. Some Comparanda

a Akropolis 700, ca. 500 BCE. Horse and rider. Such equestrian statues are among the most common male votives found on the Akropolis in the Archaic period.	b Akropolis 581, ca. 500-490 BCE. Relief showing a family sacrificing a pig to Athena.	c. Akropolis 665, ca. 540 BCE. This is one of the few kouroi found on the Akropolis in the Archaic period.
d Akropolis 629, ca. 510 BCE. Statue of a male scribe; sat on an inscribed pillar.	e Charioteer of Delphi, ca. 490 BCE.	f Sikyonian Treasury at Delphi, ca. 525 BCE.
g Caryatid from the Sikyonian Treasury at Delphi, ca. 525 BCE.	h Female clothing.